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The solar observatory Bezvodivka.

One kilometer North of the extinct village of Bezvodivka of Ichnia district In Ukraine, a group of land mounds is located. Four mounds are located in a circular position with the diameter of 185m. The complex is located at the height of 170 m above the sea level on a plateu, watershed of the rivers of Ichenka, Bezvodivka and one of the mouths of the Smosh river. They are described in scientific papers as the mounds  of the nomadic tribes of the first and second millennium BC. However, if one reviews them from a wider perspective, they will be forced to doubt in the scholars’ conclusion.

On  the map of Schubert of 1861, there are 6 mounds depicted in a circular position. Four of them have the elongated shape. Notwithstanding that the map may be not precise enough, it enables one to imagine how the complex looked like 150 years ago. Four large mounds and one satellite mound have survived until present, as some of the mounds were destroyed with a plough and human’s indifference.

However, the remaining mounds allow us to presume that there were eight of them and they served as the sights for astronomic observations. In the satellite photo, near the surviving mounds, one may see dark crosses at the place of the ploughed mounds. There was not a sight on the Northern side of the complex, because the traces of its existence are absent on the map and the land surface.  The Western sight suggests the existence of the Eastern one, the Southern Western sight suggests the existence of the Southern Eastern one, and the Northern Eastern sight suggests the existence of the Northern Western one. Six sights mark the astronomic events of the rise and set of the sun in days of winter and summer solstice, and the autumn and spring equinox. It is unknown what the Southern sight points to. The photo shows the reconstruction of a possible view and location of close sights. They contain a caption of the azimuth and the day of astronomic events which are indicated by them. They may also have been used for observations of the Moon. The observer’s workplace was located in the centre of the complex, at the same time, the opposite close sights might have been observer’s workplaces.

Schubert’s map indicates the Distant Sights that were used for more precise determining of the azimuth of the East and West of the sun with the accuracy of up to one minute of arc. The distance between the centre of the complex and the Western DS is 830 m, and between the centre and the Northern DS it is 1600 m, which is twice as great, and the distance from the centre to the Southern Western and to the Southern Eastern DS is 3320 m, which is once more twice as great as the distance between the centre and the Northern DV. A distinct regularity arises: 830*2=1660*2=3320. The Southern Eastern and Southern Western DS are located 4 times farer than the Western DS, because determining the points of winter and summer solstice is a more complicated task than determining the autumn and spring equinox, as on the days that are close to the days of the equinox, the movement of the points of the West and East along the horizon is barely noticeable.

There are grounds to assume that the observatory was founded in times, when the famous solar observatories of Arkaim and Stonehenge were built. That is three to five thousand years ago. One may draw an analogy between them due to the following reasons. Arkaim is located at Latitude 52039” North, and the Stonehenge is located at Latitude 51011” North, Bezvodivka is located at Latitude 50031” North. The three observatories at the distance of nearly two thousand kilometers between one another are located within a single belt where the real shape of the Earth (non-ideal sphere) intercrosses with the imaginable correct shape. The diameter of the central circle of the close sights of Arkaim is 150 m, the one of Stonehenge is equal to 100 m, another one of Bezvodovka is equal to 185 m. The three observatories have the Northern Eastern sight of the sunrise on June 22 –when there is the longest daytime within a year – this sight is especially distinct.